精密機械加工(gong)的(de)技術難(nan)度大(da)(da)，影響因素多，涉及面廣，投(tou)資強度大(da)(da)，產品個性強，其主要(yao)內容(rong)有(you)以下幾個方面：
（1）被(bei)加工材(cai)料：精密(mi)機(ji)械加工的被(bei)加工材(cai)料在化學成分、物(wu)理力學性能(neng)、化學性能(neng)、加工性能(neng)上均(jun)(jun)有嚴格要求，應該(gai)質地均(jun)(jun)勻(yun)、性能(neng)穩定(ding)、外部(bu)內部(bu)均(jun)(jun)無宏觀和微觀缺陷。符合性能(neng)要求的被(bei)加工材(cai)料才(cai)能(neng)得(de)到精密(mi)機(ji)械加工的預期效果。
（2）加(jia)工(gong)設備和(he)工(gong)藝設備：精(jing)(jing)密(mi)(mi)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)械加(jia)工(gong)應(ying)有高精(jing)(jing)度(du)、高剛(gang)度(du)、高穩定性和(he)自(zi)動(dong)化(hua)的(de)(de)(de)(de)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)床(chuang)，相(xiang)(xiang)應(ying)的(de)(de)(de)(de)金剛(gang)石(shi)刀具、立(li)方(fang)氮化(hua)蹦(beng)刀具、金剛(gang)石(shi)砂輪、立(li)方(fang)氮化(hua)蹦(beng)砂輪、及相(xiang)(xiang)應(ying)的(de)(de)(de)(de)高精(jing)(jing)度(du)、高剛(gang)度(du)夾具等工(gong)藝裝備，才(cai)能(neng)保證加(jia)工(gong)質量(liang)。精(jing)(jing)密(mi)(mi)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)械加(jia)工(gong)應(ying)首(shou)先(xian)考慮要有相(xiang)(xiang)應(ying)精(jing)(jing)度(du)的(de)(de)(de)(de)精(jing)(jing)密(mi)(mi)加(jia)工(gong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)床(chuang)，不少精(jing)(jing)密(mi)(mi)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)械加(jia)工(gong)往(wang)往(wang)是從設計制作其(qi)超精(jing)(jing)密(mi)(mi)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)床(chuang)開始(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)。并要配(pei)置所需刀具。目前，通用的(de)(de)(de)(de)系列的(de)(de)(de)(de)精(jing)(jing)密(mi)(mi)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)械加(jia)工(gong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)床(chuang)較(jiao)少，批量(liang)也不會(hui)大。精(jing)(jing)密(mi)(mi)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)械國工(gong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)床(chuang)造(zao)價(jia)很高，需專(zhuan)門訂貨，如(ru)果在已(yi)有的(de)(de)(de)(de)精(jing)(jing)密(mi)(mi)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)械加(jia)工(gong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)床(chuang)上加(jia)工(gong)尚(shang)不能(neng)滿足要求時。可通過工(gong)藝措(cuo)施或誤(wu)差補償(chang)等來提(ti)高加(jia)工(gong)精(jing)(jing)度(du)。
（3）檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)：精(jing)(jing)密(mi)機(ji)(ji)(ji)械(xie)(xie)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)必須具備相(xiang)應(ying)的(de)(de)(de)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)技術，形成加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)和檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)一體化(hua)。對(dui)于(yu)精(jing)(jing)密(mi)機(ji)(ji)(ji)械(xie)(xie)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)(de)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)有(you)三種方式：離(li)線(xian)(xian)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)、在(zai)位檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)和在(zai)線(xian)(xian)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)。離(li)線(xian)(xian)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)是(shi)(shi)指在(zai)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)完(wan)成后，將工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)送到(dao)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)室(shi)去檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)；在(zai)位檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)是(shi)(shi)指工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)在(zai)機(ji)(ji)(ji)床上(shang)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)完(wan)成后不卸下(xia)，就地進(jin)(jin)行檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)，若發現(xian)有(you)什(shen)么(me)問(wen)題(ti)(ti)，便于(yu)再進(jin)(jin)行加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)；在(zai)線(xian)(xian)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)則是(shi)(shi)在(zai)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)過程中(zhong)進(jin)(jin)行檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)，以便能夠主動控制和實(shi)(shi)(shi)施動態誤差(cha)補(bu)(bu)(bu)償(chang)(chang)。誤差(cha)補(bu)(bu)(bu)償(chang)(chang)是(shi)(shi)提高(gao)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)精(jing)(jing)度的(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)要措施，是(shi)(shi)在(zai)機(ji)(ji)(ji)床制造精(jing)(jing)度已達(da)到(dao)一定水平的(de)(de)(de)基(ji)礎(chu)上(shang)。分(fen)離(li)出其影響(xiang)誤差(cha)，利用誤差(cha)補(bu)(bu)(bu)償(chang)(chang)裝(zhuang)置對(dui)誤差(cha)值進(jin)(jin)行補(bu)(bu)(bu)償(chang)(chang)。其中(zhong)靜態誤差(cha)補(bu)(bu)(bu)償(chang)(chang)是(shi)(shi)根據事先(xian)側出的(de)(de)(de)誤差(cha)值，在(zai)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)時通(tong)過硬件(jian)(jian)或軟件(jian)(jian)進(jin)(jin)行補(bu)(bu)(bu)償(chang)(chang)，如(ru)機(ji)(ji)(ji)床傳動絲的(de)(de)(de)螺距誤差(cha)可通(tong)過修正尺來(lai)進(jin)(jin)行補(bu)(bu)(bu)償(chang)(chang)；動態誤差(cha)補(bu)(bu)(bu)償(chang)(chang)實(shi)(shi)(shi)在(zai)線(xian)(xian)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)的(de)(de)(de)基(ji)礎(chu)上(shang)，在(zai)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)時進(jin)(jin)行實(shi)(shi)(shi)時補(bu)(bu)(bu)償(chang)(chang)。精(jing)(jing)密(mi)機(ji)(ji)(ji)械(xie)(xie)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)(de)在(zai)線(xian)(xian)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)補(bu)(bu)(bu)償(chang)(chang)技術是(shi)(shi)精(jing)(jing)密(mi)機(ji)(ji)(ji)械(xie)(xie)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)實(shi)(shi)(shi)現(xian)質量保證的(de)(de)(de)關(guan)鍵技術。將檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)技術融于(yu)精(jing)(jing)密(mi)機(ji)(ji)(ji)械(xie)(xie)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)(de)內(nei)容之(zhi)中(zhong)，采用在(zai)線(xian)(xian)測(ce)(ce)量的(de)(de)(de)方式，能使操作者及(ji)時發現(xian)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)存在(zai)的(de)(de)(de)問(wen)題(ti)(ti)，并反(fan)饋給數(shu)控系統。